Mukhya Rabi Fasalen
Poori Fasal Jaankari
UP mein ugaai jaane wali pramukh Rabi fasalen — beej, avdhi, upaj, MSP aur ICAR recommendations
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Gehun / Wheat Image
🌾 Gehun / Wheat
Triticum aestivum · Wheat · UP ki sabse badi rabi fasal · 10 million ha se zyada
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayNov 1–25 (samay par) · Deri: Nov 25–Dec 15 · K-307 = late sowing variety · Samay par buvai 15–20% zyada upaj
Beej Dar100–125 kg/ha (samay par) · Late sowing: 125–150 kg/ha · Seed treatment Carboxin+Thiram se zaroor karein
DooriRow spacing: 20–22.5 cm · Seed drill se buvai · Broadcast mein seed 20% zyada lage
NPKN:120 · P:60 · K:40 kg/ha · DAP + Urea split · Zinc deficiency ho to ZnSO₄ 25 kg/ha
Sinchai4–6 sinchai zaroori · CRI (20–25 DAS) critical · Jointing, Flowering, Grain filling par bhi · Sprinkler 35% bachat
KataiMarch–April · Grain moisture 14% ho tab katai · Combine harvester best · 7–10 din khet mein sukhayen
UpajHD-3226: 55–60 q/ha · HD-2967: 45–55 q/ha · DBW-222: 50–60 q/ha · UP average: 34 q/ha
🌍 MittiDomat (Loam) ya bhaari mitti best · pH 6.0–7.5 · Achha drainage zaroori · Khaari mitti mein Gypsum 200 kg/ha
🌾 Weed MgmtPhalaris minor (Gulli Danda) — #1 samasyaa, Avena fatua (Jangli Jai), Chenopodium album (Bathua), Medicago denticulata · Niyantran: Clodinafop-propargyl 60 g a.i./ha (15–20 DAS, sankirna patti) + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha (30–35 DAS, chaudi patti) · Clodinafop + Metsulfuron mix = safest combo · 1 haath se nikaai 25–30 DAS · Zero tillage se Phalaris 40% kam · Critical period: 20–45 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IIWBR
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Brown Rust (Puccinia triticina) — patte par laal-naranja powder, Propiconazole 0.1% spray; Yellow Rust (P. striiformis) — patti par peeli dhariyan (up-country strains), Propiconazole 0.1%; Loose Smut (Ustilago tritici) — baal mein daane ki jagah kala powder, Carboxin 2 g/kg seed; Karnal Bunt (Tilletia indica) — kuch daane kale, Carboxin + Thiram seed treatment · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi / Sitobion) — CRI se filling tak, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L; Brown Wheat Mite — patte pakke rang sookhna, Dicofol 0.1%; Termite — jaad mein nuksaan, Chlorpyrifos 3 L/ha buvai ke samay · Srot: ICAR-IIWBR Karnal / IARI New Delhi
MSP ₹2,585/क्विंटल · PIB 2026-27 · Mandi bhav ₹2,400–2,700/क्विं · Atta factory direct ₹2,600+ · Export demand
↑ ICAR-IARI: HD-3226 (Pusa Aniket) — UP ke liye sabse zyada recommend variety. Yellow rust + karnal bunt resistant. High protein content. Timely sowing guaranteed 55–60 q/ha.
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Sarson / Mustard Image
🌻 Sarson / Rai
Brassica juncea / Brassica napus · Indian Mustard · Rapeseed · UP mein 1.2 million ha area
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 1–25 (samay par) · Deri hone par November tak · October buvai se best tillering aur phal set
Beej Dar4–5 kg/ha (broadcast) · Drill sowing: 3–4 kg/ha · Imidacloprid 70 WS 5 g/kg seed treatment
DooriRow: 30 cm · Plant to plant: 10–15 cm · Thinning 2–3 weeks baad zaroor karein
NPKN:80–100 · P:40 · K:40 kg/ha · Sulphur (S) 30–40 kg/ha zaroori — oil % badhata hai · SSP use karein
Sinchai2–3 sinchai · Budding par 1st (35–40 DAS) · Siliqua filling par 2nd · Zyada sinchai seed fall karri
KataiFeb–Mar · Siliquae (phallian) 75% peeli ho jayen tab katai · Thresher se · Seed moisture <8% ho
UpajPusa Bold: 20–25 q/ha · RH-749: 22–28 q/ha · UP average: 12–14 q/ha · Irrigated: 18–22 q/ha
🌍 MittiDomat ya balu domat mitti · pH 6.0–7.5 · Achha drainage zaroori · Kaali mitti mein bhi achhi upaj
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album (Bathua), Rumex dentatus (Khatta Palak), Coronopus didymus, Orobanche spp. (Agan beli — parasitic, UP mein) · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha pre-emergence + Quizalofop-ethyl 0.05 kg/ha post-em (grassy weeds) · Orobanche: Glyphosate 0.2% spot spray · 1 haath se nikaai 25 & 45 DAS · Thinning + weeding ek saath karein · Critical period: 15–45 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-DRMR Bharatpur
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Alternaria Leaf Blight (Alternaria brassicae) — patte par bhoore concentric dhabbhe, Mancozeb 0.25%; Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) — tane par safed roosi lagan, Carbendazim 0.1% spray; White Rust (Albugo candida) — patti ke neeche safed pustule, Metalaxyl+Mancozeb spray · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) — flower aate samay peak density, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L ya Oxydemeton 1.5 mL/L; Painted Bug (Bagrada hilaris) — early seedling stage, Chlorpyrifos dust 25 kg/ha; Mustard Sawfly (Athalia proxima) — patte khaata, Quinalphos 1.5 mL/L · Srot: ICAR-DRMR Bharatpur / NRCSS Ajmer
MSP ₹6,200/क्विंटल · PIB 2026-27 · Sarson tel ₹130–155/litre mandi · Khal (oil cake) ₹1,800–2,200/क्विं · Direct oil mill contract
↑ ICAR-DRMR Bharatpur: Pusa Bold — UP ki best variety. Aphid tolerant, high oil content (40–42%). Sulphur application se oil % mein 2–3% aur vridhi hoti hai.
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Chana / Chickpea Image
🟤 Chana / Chickpea
Cicer arietinum · Bengal Gram · Chickpea · N-fixing legume · UP: 0.5 million ha
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 25 – Nov 15 · Bundeli UP: Oct 20 se · Deri se buvai = less yield. Temperature 15–25°C best for germination
Beej Dar60–75 kg/ha (desi) · Kabuli: 80–100 kg/ha · Rhizobium + PSB culture lagaen seed treatment mein
DooriRow: 30–45 cm · Plant to plant: 10 cm · Deep roots ke liye 8–10 cm depth par buvai
NPKN:20 · P:50–60 · K:20 kg/ha · Rhizobium se 25–40 kg N milta hai mitti mein · Zinc 25 kg/ha zaroori
Sinchai1–2 sinchai only · Pre-sowing ek sinchai · Flowering time (45–60 DAS) 1 sinchai · Rainfed bhi possible
KataiFeb–Mar · Podein (phallian) 80% brown ho jayein tab · Thresher ya daant (sickle) se kato
UpajJG-315: 18–22 q/ha · Pusa-5023: 20–25 q/ha · UP average: 10–12 q/ha · Wilt tolerant varieties zyada yield
🌍 MittiDomat ya kaali (Vertisol) mitti · pH 6.0–8.0 · Achha drainage zaroori · Waterlogging se wilt badhta hai
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album, Rumex dentatus, Phalaris minor, Cuscuta (Amarbel — parasitic) · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 38.7% CS 1.0 kg a.i./ha as PPI (buvai se pehle mitti mein milao) · Haath se nikaai 30 DAS · Wheat straw mulch 5 t/ha = 60% weed control · Cuscuta: certified beej lo + 15 DAS par haath se nikalo · Critical period: 20–45 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IIPR Kanpur
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri) — paudha murjhaata, jaad kali, Trichoderma seed + JG-315 resistant variety; Dry Root Rot (Rhizoctonia bataticola) — jaad kali sukhi, Carbendazim 2 g/kg seed; Botrytis Grey Mould (Botrytis cinerea) — phoolon par dhire-dhire sadan, Iprodione 0.1% spray · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera) — UP ki sabse badi samasya, phali mein chhed, Emamectin 0.4 g/L ya HaNPV; Cutworm (Agrotis spp.) — seedling stage mein, Chlorpyrifos 3 L/ha; Thrips — pod set par, Spinosad 0.5 mL/L · Srot: ICAR-IIPR Kanpur
MSP ₹5,875/क्विंटल · PIB 2026-27 · Mandi bhav ₹5,400–6,800/क्विं · Besan mill ₹6,000+ · Kabuli export demand high
↑ ICAR-IIPR Kanpur: JG-315 — Wilt + dry root rot resistant, UP ke liye best. Rhizobium culture se nitrogen fixation mein 40% improvement. Low water requirement — perfect for Bundelkhand.
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Masoor / Lentil Image
🔴 Masoor / Lentil
Lens culinaris · Red Lentil · UP mein 0.8 million ha · India ka #1 lentil state
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 25 – Nov 15 (UP mein) · Deri: Nov 25 tak · HUL-57 = late sowing ke liye bhi suitable · Night frost tolerate karta hai
Beej Dar40–50 kg/ha · Thiram + Carbendazim 2g/kg seed treatment · Rhizobium culture compulsory
DooriRow: 25–30 cm · Plant to plant: 10 cm · Shallow roots — 4–5 cm depth buvai best
NPKN:20 · P:40 · K:20 kg/ha · Molybdenum (Mo) 0.5 kg/ha yield badhata hai · Zinc 25 kg/ha
Sinchai1–2 sinchai · Pre-sowing ek · Flowering par 1 (40–50 DAS) · Over irrigation se rust + wilt badhta hai
KataiFeb–Mar · Neeche ki phallian pakne lagein tab katai · Deri se shattering loss hota hai · Thresher se
UpajHUL-57: 18–22 q/ha · Pusa Vaibhav: 20–25 q/ha · UP average: 12–14 q/ha · Irrigated: 18–20 q/ha
🌍 MittiHalki domat ya raitali mitti best · pH 5.8–7.0 · Waterlogging bilkul nahi · Gehri jutaai se jaad achhi banti hai
🌾 Weed MgmtPhalaris minor, Chenopodium album (Bathua), Cuscuta (Amarbel — 87% tak upaj ghat), Rumex dentatus · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence (3 din ke andar) + Imazethapyr 75 g/ha post-emergence (2–3 leaf stage weeds) · 1 haath se nikaai 25–30 DAS · Cuscuta: Pendimethalin + certified seed · Critical period: 15–40 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IIPR Kanpur
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Rust (Uromyces fabae) — patte par laal-bhoore pustule, Propiconazole 0.1%; Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) — paudha murjha, Trichoderma + Carbendazim seed treatment; Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe) — safed churna patte par, Wettable Sulphur 0.2% · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Aphis craccivora) — phool aate samay, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L; Pod Borer (Helicoverpa) — Emamectin 0.4 g/L; Pea Leaf Miner (Phytomyza) — patte mein tunnel, Chlorpyrifos 2 mL/L · Srot: ICAR-IIPR Kanpur / BHU Varanasi
MSP ₹7,000/क्विंटल · PIB 2026-27 · Mandi ₹6,500–7,800/क्विं · Dal mill direct ₹7,200+ · Red lentil export demand UP se Canada, Australia
↑ ICAR-IIPR + BHU Varanasi: HUL-57 — UP ke liye best masoor variety. Rust + wilt resistant. High protein (25–28%). Varanasi, Allahabad, Mirzapur district mein major crop.
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Matar / Field Pea Image
🟢 Matar / Field Pea
Pisum sativum · Field Pea · Vegetable pea dono · UP mein double income fasal
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 15 – Nov 15 · Vegetable matar: Oct–Nov · Grain matar: Oct–Nov · Early varieties Nov 15 tak bhi chalti hain
Beej Dar80–100 kg/ha (grain) · Vegetable: 60–80 kg/ha · Rhizobium + PSB culture zaroor · Captan seed treatment
DooriRow: 30 cm (dwarf) · 45 cm (tall) · Plant: 8–10 cm · Bamboo support tall varieties ke liye
NPKN:25 · P:60 · K:50 kg/ha · Rhizobium N fix karta hai · Boron spray flower aate samay zaroori for pod set
Sinchai2–3 sinchai · Pre-sowing · Flowering (40–45 DAS) · Pod filling (65–70 DAS) · Sprinkler best
KataiVegetable: Jan–Feb (green pods) · Grain: Feb–Mar · Jab 80% pods peel par paan ho · Thresher
UpajGrain: 20–25 q/ha · Vegetable pod: 80–120 q/ha fresh · HUDP-15: best performance in UP trials
🌍 MittiDomat ya balu domat mitti · pH 6.0–7.5 · Achha drainage zaroori · Chikni mitti mein root rot ka darr
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album, Phalaris minor, Rumex dentatus, Anagallis arvensis · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence + Imazethapyr 50 g/ha post-em (15–20 DAS) · 1 haath se nikaai 25–30 DAS · Straw mulch se weed aur nami dono kontrols · Critical period: 20–45 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IARI
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe pisi) — sabse badi samasya, safed churna patte par, Wettable Sulphur 0.2% ya Karathane 0.1%; Downy Mildew (Peronospora) — patte ke neeche halki harit parat, Metalaxyl 0.2%; Wilt (Fusarium) — paudha murjha, Trichoderma + Carbendazim seed; Root Rot (Phytophthora) — jal nikasav + Metalaxyl · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) — phool aane par, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L; Pod Borer (Adisura atkinsoni) — phali mein surang, Emamectin 0.4 g/L; Pea Leaf Miner — Chlorpyrifos 2 mL/L · Srot: ICAR-IIPR Kanpur
₹6,600/क्विंटल (approx) · Matar PIB mandated list mein nahi · Vegetable matar ₹15–40/kg retail · Frozen pea processing plant direct sale option
↑ ICAR-IIPR Kanpur: HUDP-15 — powdery mildew resistant, high yield. Vegetable matar se green pod mein zyada kamai. UP mein Aligarh, Agra, Bareilly mein popular crop.
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Alsi / Linseed Image
🌿 Alsi / Tisi
Linum usitatissimum · Linseed / Flaxseed · Omega-3 + Fibre crop · Industrial + Health use
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 15 – Nov 15 · Cool temperature (15–20°C) mein best germination · Deri se flowering kum hoti hai
Beej Dar20–25 kg/ha · Barik beej hai · Thiram 2.5 g/kg seed treatment · Shallow buvai (2–3 cm)
DooriRow: 25–30 cm · Plant to plant: 6–8 cm · Drill sowing best for uniform germination
NPKN:30–40 · P:30 · K:20 kg/ha · N split karo: aadha buvai + aadha 30 DAS · Zinc + Sulphur beneficial
Sinchai2–3 sinchai · CRI (25–30 DAS) · Flowering (60–65 DAS) · Pod filling time · Zyada sinchai fruit dropping
KataiFeb–Mar · Capsule (ball) 75% brown ho jaye · Shattering nuksaan se bachao — early katai better
UpajShekhar: 12–18 q/ha · Padmini: 10–15 q/ha · UP average: 6–8 q/ha · Oil content: 38–42%
🌍 MittiKaali ya domat mitti · pH 5.5–7.0 · Gehri jadon ke liye loose mitti zaroori · Waterlogging se fruit drop badhta hai
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album, Rumex dentatus, Medicago denticulate, Fumaria parviflora · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha (3–4 leaf stage) · 1 haath se nikaai 30 DAS · Barik beej hone se weed control shuru mein hi karein · Critical period: 15–35 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-NRSL Nagpur
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Rust (Melampsora lini) — patte par naranja-peele powder, Wettable Sulphur 0.2% ya Propiconazole 0.1%; Powdery Mildew — safed churna patte par, Karathane 0.1%; Alternaria Blight (Alternaria linicola) — patte par bhoore concentric dhabbhe, Mancozeb 0.25% · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Linseed Bud Fly (Dasyneura lini) — bud aur phool gir jaate, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L flower aane se pehle; Aphid (Aphis gossypii) — naye shoots par, Imidacloprid 0.3 mL/L; Thrips — Spinosad 0.5 mL/L · Srot: ICAR-NRSL Nagpur / IARI New Delhi
₹6,400/क्विंटल (approx) · Alsi PIB mandated list mein nahi · Flaxseed health market ₹8,000–12,000/क्विं · Tisi tel ₹180–250/litre · Fibre export potential
↑ ICAR-CICR: Alsi mein Omega-3 fatty acid 55% tak hota hai — health food market mein boom. Bundelkhand + Vindhya UP mein major tilhan crop. Low input, rainfed mein bhi kaafi yield.
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Jau / Barley Image
🟡 Jau / Barley
Hordeum vulgare · Barley · Malt + Feed + Food use · UP mein 0.4 million ha area
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 25 – Nov 15 · Gehun se 10–15 din pehle bhi laga sakte hain · BH-902 malt variety Nov 1 se best
Beej Dar100–125 kg/ha · Vitavax Power seed treatment · Drill sowing preferred for uniform plant stand
DooriRow: 22.5–25 cm · Depth: 4–5 cm · Kharpatwar management ke liye proper spacing zaroori
NPKN:75–90 · P:40 · K:30 kg/ha · Malt variety: N thoda kam (60–70 kg/ha) · N ka aadha buvai + aadha CRI par
Sinchai2–3 sinchai · CRI (20–25 DAS) · Jointing (45–50 DAS) · Heading (65–70 DAS) · Gehun se kam paani chahiye
KataiMar–Apr · Grain moisture 12–14% par · Malt variety: zyada deri na karein · Combine harvester best
UpajDWRB-73: 40–50 q/ha · K-560: 35–45 q/ha · Malt variety: 30–40 q/ha · UP average: 22–25 q/ha
🌍 MittiDomat ya halki mitti · pH 6.0–8.0 · Salt aur drought tolerant · Ushar mitti mein bhi ho sakti hai
🌾 Weed MgmtPhalaris minor, Avena fatua (Jangli Jai), Chenopodium album (Bathua), Rumex dentatus · Niyantran: Isoproturon 75WP 0.75 kg/ha (20–25 DAS) grassy weeds + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha (28–30 DAS) broadleaf · Ya Clodinafop-propargyl 60 g/ha = bhi chalega · 1 haath weeding 25 DAS · Critical period: 20–40 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IIWBR Karnal
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis) — patti par peeli dhariyan, Propiconazole 0.1%; Net Blotch (Pyrenophora teres) — patte par dark brown jaali, Mancozeb 0.25%; Powdery Mildew — safed churna, Wettable Sulphur 0.2%; Covered Smut (Ustilago hordei) — daane mein kala powder, Carboxin 2 g/kg seed · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) — CRI se grain filling tak, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L; Brown Wheat Mite — patte sookhna, Dicofol 0.1%; Termite — jaad khaata, Chlorpyrifos 3 L/ha · Srot: ICAR-IIWBR Karnal
MSP ₹2,150/क्विंटल · PIB 2026-27 · Malt barley (BH-902) brewery direct ₹2,500–3,000/क्विं · Feed barley ₹1,800–2,200/क्विं
↑ ICAR-IARI: DWRB-73 — UP ke liye best, drought tolerant, lodging resistant. BH-902 malt variety se direct brewery contract milta hai — ₹2,500–3,000/क्विं extra income.
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Pyaz / Onion Image
🧅 Pyaz / Onion
Allium cepa · Onion · Rabi mein nursery Oct–Nov, main field transplant Nov–Dec · High demand crop
Kisme (UP)
NurseryOct 15 – Nov 15 mein nursery dalein · 10 kg beej/ha ke liye 1/15 area nursery mein · 6–8 weeks baad transplant
Beej Dar8–10 kg/ha · Thiram 3 g/kg treatment · Pelleted seed bhi available · Nursery mein fine bed banayein
DooriRow: 15 cm · Plant to plant: 10 cm · Transplant: 45 DAS ki paudhshaala se · Root dip Bavistin mein
NPKN:100 · P:50 · K:50 kg/ha · Sulphur 30 kg/ha zaroori (kand ka size badhata hai) · Calcium + Boron spray
Sinchai8–10 din par sinchai · Drip + mulching best · Bulb formation par niyamit paani · 2 saptah pehle band karein
KataiMar–Apr · 75% patte gir jayein tab katai · Neck fall ke baad 7–10 din khet mein sukhayen · Cold storage 6–8 mahine
UpajAgrifound Light Red: 250–350 q/ha · Pusa Red: 200–250 q/ha · UP average: 150–200 q/ha fresh weight
🌍 MittiDomat ya balu domat mitti · pH 6.0–7.5 · Achha drainage zaroori · Chikni mitti mein bulb chhota reh jaata hai
🌾 Weed MgmtCyperus rotundus (Motha), Poa annua, Chenopodium album, Cynodon dactylon · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-transplant incorporation + Oxyfluorfen 0.15 kg/ha (3–5 DAT) · Haath nikaai 30 & 60 DAT · Critical period: 0–60 DAT — is dauraan weed-free rakhna compulsory · Mulch bhi helpful · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-NHRDF Nashik
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Purple Blotch (Alternaria porri) — patte par bainganee dhabbhe, Mancozeb 0.25% + Copper oxychloride; Stemphylium Blight (Stemphylium vesicarium) — patte ki nok sukhna, Chlorothalonil 0.2%; Fusarium Basal Rot — kand ki jad sadna, Carbendazim 0.1% soil drench · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Thrips (Thrips tabaci) — patte par chandi jaisa rang + marod, Spinosad 0.5 mL/L ya Imidacloprid 0.3 mL/L; Onion Fly (Delia antiqua) — jad ke paas maggot, Chlorpyrifos soil drench; Root Knot Nematode — FYM + Carbofuran 3G buvai se pehle mitti mein · Srot: ICAR-NHRDF Nashik
₹1,500–3,000/क्विंटल mandi · Peak ₹5,000+/क्विं bhi milta hai · Export to Bangladesh, Nepal · Cold storage se off-season mein double rate
↑ NHRDF Nashik: Agrifound Light Red — UP ke liye best rabi onion variety. Long storage capacity (6–8 mahine). UP mein Hathras, Agra, Mainpuri mein bulk cultivation. Sulphur se pungency + size improve.
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Methi / Fenugreek Image
🌿 Methi / Fenugreek
Trigonella foenum-graecum · Fenugreek · Leaf + seed dono upyog · Quick income crop 45–60 days
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct–Nov · Hara patta: Oct–Nov multiple sowings · Beej ke liye: Oct mein best · 35–40 din mein first cutting
Beej Dar20–25 kg/ha (leaf) · Seed crop: 15–20 kg/ha · Rhizobium culture lagaen · FYM 15–20 ton/ha basal dose
DooriRow: 22–25 cm · Broadcast bhi chal jaata hai · Dense stand se better leaf yield milta hai
NPKN:20 · P:40 · K:20 kg/ha · Har cutting ke baad 15 kg N top dressing · Organic mitti se quality improve
Sinchai6–8 din par (leaf crop) · Seed crop: 10–12 din par · Drip + sprinkler good for leaf quality and hygiene
KataiLeaf: 35–40 DAS · 2–3 cuttings possible · Seed: Feb–Mar jab 75% pods brown · Kasuri methi sun dried
UpajLeaf: 150–200 q/ha fresh · Kasuri (dried): 15–20 q/ha · Seed: 12–15 q/ha · 3 cuttings total
🌍 MittiDomat ya balu domat mitti · pH 6.0–7.0 · Halki jutaai kaafi · Waterlogging se bacho — jad sadne ka darr
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album (Bathua), Rumex dentatus, Poa annua, Portulaca oleracea · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence + 2 haath nikaai (25 & 45 DAS) · Chhoti fasal hone se shuruaat ke 25 din sabse critical · Bheed buvai se weed compete karta hai · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IARI
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) — safed churna patti par, Wettable Sulphur 0.2%; Cercospora Leaf Spot (Cercospora traversiana) — patte par gol bhoore dhabbhe, Mancozeb 0.25%; Root Rot (Pythium aphanidermatum) — jad sad jaana, drainage + Trichoderma viride · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Aphis craccivora) — naye shoots par, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L; Thrips (Thrips tabaci) — patte ki neeche, Spinosad 0.5 mL/L; Cutworm (Agrotis) — seedling stage mein, Chlorpyrifos soil drench · Srot: ICAR-NRCSS Ajmer / IARI Vegetable Unit
Beej: ₹8,000–12,000/क्विंटल · Kasuri methi ₹200–400/kg retail · Fresh patta ₹15–30/kg · Masala company direct supply
↑ ICAR-NRCSS Ajmer: Kasuri Methi (Lam Selection-1) — sabse zyada demand. Diabetes + cholesterol control mein use. UP mein quick income ke liye October mein buvai shuru karein — 40 din mein pehli cutting.
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Palak / Spinach Image
🥬 Palak / Spinach
Spinacia oleracea · Spinach · UP mein sab jile mein ugaye jaane wali quick income sabzi fasal
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamaySep–Nov (rabi mein best) · UP mein October–November peak time · Har 3 saptah mein buvai = continuous supply
Beej Dar25–30 kg/ha · Beej 24 ghante paani mein bhigo kar buvai · FYM 20 ton/ha soil mein mix karein
DooriRow: 25–30 cm · Broadcast bhi chal jaata hai · Raised bed mein better drainage = less disease
NPKN:60 · P:30 · K:30 kg/ha · Har cutting ke baad N top dressing (15 kg) · Vermicompost se colour + taste improve
Sinchai5–7 din par · Sprinkler best · Waterlogging bilkul nahi · Light sinchai frequent better than heavy
Katai25–30 DAS pehli cutting · 3–5 cuttings total · Leaves 15–20 cm ho jayen tab kaato · Subah katai best
UpajPusa Bharati: 200–250 q/ha per cutting · 3–4 cuttings = 600–800 q/ha season total · Quick cash crop
🌍 MittiDomat mitti best · pH 6.0–7.0 · Organic matter zyada ho toh patti badi aur tender milti hai
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album (Bathua — same family), Portulaca oleracea, Cyperus rotundus (Motha) · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence + haath nikaai 15, 30, 45 DAS · ⚠️ Palak me chemical herbicide careful — vegetable crop hai, residue concern · Organic mulch (padal) bichhayen · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IARI Vegetable unit
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Downy Mildew (Peronospora farinosa) — patte ke neeche bhoori-geri parat, Metalaxyl 0.2% spray; Cercospora Leaf Spot — patte par gol dhabbhe, Mancozeb 0.25%; Damping Off (Pythium) — nursery mein seedling gir-gir marti, Trichoderma + Captan 2.5 g/kg seed · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Myzus persicae) — patte ki neeche, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L; Leaf Miner (Liriomyza trifolii) — patte mein safed tunnel, Chlorpyrifos 2 mL/L; Caterpillar (Spodoptera) — patte khaata, Chlorpyrifos 2 mL/L · ⚠️ Vegetable crop — spray ke baad 10 din mein katai nahi · Srot: ICAR-IARI New Delhi
₹800–1,500/क्विंटल mandi · Retail ₹15–30/kg · Baby spinach ₹60–80/kg · Hotel/restaurant supply ₹25–40/kg · Year-round demand
↑ ICAR-IARI: Pusa Bharati — large flat leaves, dark green, long shelf life. UP ke har jile mein ug sakti hai. Har 30 din mein cutting se continuous income — 3 mahine mein 3–4 baar katai possible.
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Kusumb / Safflower Image
🌼 Kusumb / Kardi
Carthamus tinctorius · Safflower · Drought hardy tilhan fasal · UP Bundelkhand mein
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 15 – Nov 15 · Bundelkhand aur Vindhya region ke liye best · Rainfed areas ke liye sabse suitable rabi crop
Beej Dar10–12 kg/ha · Spineless variety: 8 kg/ha · Captan 2.5 g/kg seed treatment · Drill sowing best
DooriRow: 45 cm · Plant to plant: 20–25 cm (thinning) · Wide spacing se branching aur phal set better
NPKN:30–40 · P:20 · K:20 kg/ha · N split: buvai + 30 DAS · Low input crop — rainfed mein bhi acchi yield
Sinchai1–2 sinchai only · Buvai ke samay ek · Flowering (70–80 DAS) ek · Zyada paani se Alternaria leaf blight
KataiMar–Apr · Phool + patti sukh jayen · Combine ya daant se · Thorn gloves pahno (spinny variety)
UpajJSF-1: 12–18 q/ha irrigated · Rainfed: 8–12 q/ha · Oil content: 32–38% · Petal: dye industry use
🌍 MittiGehri kaali ya domat mitti · pH 6.0–8.0 · Deep roots ke liye gehri jutaai zaroori · Waterlogging bilkul nahi
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album, Rumex dentatus, Medicago denticulata, Fumaria parviflora · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha (3–4 leaf stage crop) · 1 haath nikaai 30 DAS · Safflower ki kante (spiny leaves) se khud weed compete karti hai · Critical period: 20–45 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-DMAPR
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Alternaria Leaf Blight (Alternaria carthami) — patte par bhoore-kale concentric dhabbhe, Mancozeb 0.25% spray; Rust (Puccinia carthami) — patte ke neeche bhoori powder, Wettable Sulphur 0.2%; Phytophthora Root Rot — jal jama se jad sadna, drainage sudhaaro + Metalaxyl · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Acyrthosiphon) — shoot tip par group, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L; Thrips — phool aane par, Spinosad 0.5 mL/L; Safflower Fly (Acanthiophilus helianthi) — baal mein maggot, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L · Srot: ICAR-DOR Hyderabad
MSP ₹6,540/क्विंटल · PIB 2026-27 · +₹600 sabse bada jump · Kusumb tel ₹200–250/litre · Petal (kesariya rang) dye ₹500–800/kg · Khal (cake) cattle feed
↑ ICAR-DOR Hyderabad: Kusumb — poorest land mein bhi acchi yield deta hai. Bundelkhand ke sukhe ilaqon ke liye sabse best rabi tilhan fasal. UP government ne Bundelkhand mein promotion shuru ki hai.
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Rajma / Kidney Bean Image
🔴 Rajma / Kidney Bean
Phaseolus vulgaris · Kidney Bean · Rabi dalhani fasal · UP: Vindhya, Bundelkhand, Purvanchal
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 15 – Nov 15 (rabi mein) · Cool temperature 15–20°C best for germination · Deri se flowering + pod set kum hota hai
Beej Dar120–150 kg/ha · Bade beej hain · Rhizobium + PSB culture compulsory · Thiram 2.5 g/kg seed treatment zaroor
DooriRow: 30–45 cm · Plant to plant: 10 cm · 4–5 cm depth buvai · Drill sowing best for uniform germination
NPKN:20–25 · P:50–60 · K:30–40 kg/ha · Rhizobium se N milta hai · Zinc 25 kg/ha + Boron spray phool aate samay pod set ke liye
Sinchai4–5 sinchai · Pre-sowing ek · Flowering (40–45 DAS) · Pod filling (65–70 DAS) critical · Waterlogging se root rot
KataiFeb–Mar · Phallian (pods) 80% peeli pad jayen tab katai · Shattering se bachao — samay par katai zaroor · Thresher se
UpajHUR-137: 18–22 q/ha · Malviya Rajma-137: 16–20 q/ha · UP average: 10–12 q/ha · Irrigated conditions mein 20+ q/ha possible
🌍 MittiDomat ya raitali domat mitti · pH 6.0–7.5 · Achha drainage · Kaali ya bhaari mitti mein root rot zyada hoti hai
🌾 Weed MgmtChenopodium album, Digera arvensis, Trianthema portulacastrum, Amaranthus viridis · Niyantran: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha pre-emergence + Imazethapyr 50 g/ha post-emergence (15–20 DAS) · 2 haath nikaai 20–25 & 45 DAS · Critical period: 20–45 DAS · Legume crop mein chemical se savdhaan — neem-based products bhi upyogi · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IIPR Kanpur
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) — patte/phali par kale-bhoore sunken dhabbhe, Carbendazim 0.1%; Bean Rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) — patte ke neeche bhoori powder, Wettable Sulphur 0.2%; Mosaic Virus (BCMV) — patte peele murjhaye, Aphid-se failta, Imidacloprid 0.3 mL/L; Root Rot — Trichoderma + Carbendazim seed treatment · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Bean Fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli) — kotyledon mein tunnel, Dimethoate 1.5 mL/L early stage; Aphid (Aphis fabae) — phool aate par, Imidacloprid 0.3 mL/L; Pod Borer (Helicoverpa) — phali mein chhed, Emamectin 0.4 g/L · Srot: ICAR-IIPR Kanpur
₹7,000–12,000/क्विंटल (market) · Branded Rajma retail ₹120–200/kg · Restaurant + hotel direct supply · Export demand to Gulf countries · NAFED procurement kabhi kabhi
↑ ICAR-IIPR Kanpur: HUR-137 — UP ke liye best rajma variety. Anthracnose + root rot tolerant. High protein (22–24%). Varanasi, Mirzapur, Sonbhadra aur Vindhya region mein popular crop. Dal mein double rate milta hai.
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Oats / Jai Image
🌾 Oats / Jai
Avena sativa · Oats · Fodder + Grain dual purpose · UP mein dairy farming ke liye sabse best winter crop
Kisme (UP)
Buvai SamayOct 15 – Nov 15 (best window) · Cool temperature 10–15°C mein best germination · Fodder variety: Oct 15 se pehle bhi lagaen · Grain variety: Nov 1–15 best · Deri se tillering aur yield dono kum
Beej Dar80–100 kg/ha (grain) · Fodder buvai: 100–120 kg/ha · Thiram 2.5 g/kg seed treatment zaroor · Drill sowing best · Depth 3–4 cm · Barik beej — zyada gehrayi se emergence nahi
DooriRow spacing: 22.5–25 cm (grain) · Fodder: 20–22.5 cm · Depth: 3–4 cm · Seed drill se buvai sabse best · Broadcast mein beej 10–15% extra lage
NPKN:80–100 · P:40 · K:30 kg/ha · Fodder ke liye N 100–120 kg/ha · N split karein — aadha buvai + aadha CRI (25 DAS) par · DAP basal dose mein · ZnSO₄ 25 kg/ha zinc kami par · Sulphur 20 kg/ha grain quality ke liye
Sinchai3–4 sinchai zaroori · Pre-sowing ek (palewa) · CRI 25 DAS · Jointing 45–50 DAS · Heading/Grain filling 65–70 DAS · Fodder cutting ke baad ek sinchai zaroor · Sprinkler se paani + yield dono better
KataiGreen fodder: 45–55 DAS par first cutting · Tillering stage par · 2–3 cuttings total possible · Grain fasal: Feb–Mar · Grain moisture 12–14% par combine harvest · Shattering se bachao — deri na karein
UpajGrain — UPO-94: 35–45 q/ha · Kent: 30–40 q/ha · UP average: 18–22 q/ha · Green fodder — Haritima: 300–400 q/ha (3 cuttings) · OS-6: 250–320 q/ha · Dry fodder: 60–80 q/ha
🌍 MittiDomat ya halki mitti · pH 5.5–7.5 · Acidi mitti tolerant · Waterlogging se bachao — raised bed faaydemand
🌾 Weed MgmtPhalaris minor (Gulli Danda), Avena fatua (Jangli Jai — oats jaisi dikhti hai, pehchanein!), Chenopodium album (Bathua), Rumex dentatus, Medicago denticulata · Niyantran: Isoproturon 75WP 0.75 kg/ha (20–25 DAS) grassy weeds ke liye + 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha (28–30 DAS) broadleaf weeds ke liye · Ya Clodinafop-propargyl 60 g/ha grassy weeds (15–20 DAS) · 1 haath nikaai 25 DAS · Avena fatua — Oats ke khet mein yeh samasya hoti hai, pehle se pehchaan karein · Critical period: 20–45 DAS · Srot: ISWS / ICAR-IGFRI Jhansi
🦠 Rog / Keet🔴 Pramukh Rog — Crown Rust (Puccinia coronata f.sp. avenae) — patte par bright naranja-laal powder groups (uredinia), lower leaf surface, Propiconazole 25EC 0.1% ya Wettable Sulphur 0.2% spray; Stem Rust (P. graminis f.sp. avenae) — stem + upper leaf par dark bhoori powder, Propiconazole 0.1%; Loose Smut (Ustilago avenae) — baal (panicle) mein daane ki jagah kala dhool powder, seed treatment Carboxin 2 g/kg + Thiram 1 g/kg compulsory; Powdery Mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. avenae) — pattiyaan par safed churna coating, dense canopy mein zyada, Wettable Sulphur 0.3% ya Hexaconazole 0.05%; Smear Smut (Ustilago kolleri) — panicle blackened, Thiram + Carboxin seed treatment; Septoria Leaf Blotch — patti par peeli-bhoori irregular dhabbhe, Mancozeb 0.25% · 🟠 Pramukh Keet — Aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi / Sitobion avenae) — stems + pattiyaan par chipchipe insect groups, CRI se heading tak nuksaan, Dimethoate 30EC 1.5 mL/L ya Imidacloprid 0.3 mL/L; Shoot Fly (Atherigona soccata) — seedling mein dead heart, Chlorpyrifos 20EC 2 mL/L early stage ya Imidacloprid seed treatment 5 g/kg; Armyworm (Mythimna separata) — pattiyaan khata, raaton mein zyada, Lambda-cyhalothrin 0.5 mL/L; Brown Wheat Mite — patte sookhe rang ke, Dicofol 0.1%; Termite — jaad + stem khaata, Chlorpyrifos 3 L/ha buvai ke samay · Srot: ICAR-IGFRI Jhansi / ICAR-IARI New Delhi / ICAR-IIWBR Karnal
₹1,800–2,500/क्विंटल (market) · Oats official MSP mandated list mein nahi · Processed oats health food ₹5,000–8,000/क्विं · Green fodder dairy farms ₹200–400/क्विं · Oat flour (atta) market growing · Haritima = fodder champion
↑ ICAR-IGFRI Jhansi: UPO-94 (grain) aur Haritima (fodder) — UP ke liye best dual-purpose varieties. Haritima se 3 cuttings mein 300–400 q/ha green fodder milta hai. Dairy farmers ke liye perfect winter crop — gaayo ki milk production mein 15–20% vridhi. Grain oats health food market mein boom — ₹5,000–8,000/क्विं processed rate.